Who could be drafted? Inside US draft rules if global war breaks out

Public discussion about the possibility of a U.S. military draft has resurfaced amid rising global tensions and comments from former president Donald Trump. His remarks about actions such as acquiring Greenland and potential military steps have fueled speculation, especially alongside recent U.S. strikes on Venezuela and talk of conflict with Iran.

As international tensions have increased, online searches for phrases like “World War III” and “U.S. draft age rules” have surged. Many people are trying to understand what might happen if a larger war were to break out and whether compulsory military service could return.

At present, the United States does not have an active draft. Since 1973, when conscription ended after the Vietnam War, the country’s armed forces have relied on volunteers. However, federal law still allows the draft to be reinstated during a national emergency if Congress approves it and the president signs the measure.

Because conscription has not been used for decades, many younger Americans are unfamiliar with how it would operate. If the draft were ever activated, the current system would first call men turning 20, followed by those aged 21 through 25, and then 19- and 18-year-olds if additional troops were required.

The order would be determined through a national lottery based on birth dates. This process randomly assigns priority numbers to decide who would be called to report for military service first.

Currently, most male residents in the U.S. between the ages of 18 and 25 must register with the Selective Service System. This includes citizens, immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers, although certain groups such as ministers or some institutionalized individuals may qualify for exemptions.

Women are not required to register under existing law, though the issue has been debated in Congress. Failing to register by age 26 is illegal and can lead to penalties, including fines, possible prison time, and loss of eligibility for some federal jobs or benefits.