Capsizing and Falls Overboard

Drowning after falling overboard or a capsizing is the leading cause of fatalities in small boats. According to the U.S. Coast Guard, 85% of boating drowning victims were not wearing a lifejacket. Always wearing a lifejacket is the most important step in staying safe.

Capsizing happens when a boat overturns or fills with water, most often in small vessels like canoes and sailboats. The good news is these boats usually float, providing something for passengers to hold onto.

Common causes of falls and capsizing include sudden waves or sharp turns, overloading or uneven weight distribution, and poor weather conditions. Awareness of these risks can help prevent emergencies.

To stay safe, remain low and centered, maintain three points of contact when moving, take turns at safe speeds and angles, and face wakes head-on from the bow. Slow down in bad weather and never tie an anchor line to the stern, as it can increase the risk of capsizing.

If a passenger falls overboard, immediately slow or stop the boat, throw a buoyant object to them, assign someone to keep them in sight, and approach carefully on the operator side. Use a life line or boarding ladder to help them back on board, turning off the engine to prevent accidents.

If your boat capsizes, stay calm, account for everyone, and re-board if possible. Stay with the boat unless it drifts toward danger. In fast-moving water, float on your back with feet downstream.

Wearing a lifejacket is crucial. It helps you stay afloat, conserve energy, maintain warmth, and remain visible to rescuers until help arrives.