The Ultimate Guide to Cloves: Benefits, Uses, and How They Work

Cloves, small dried flower buds, are more than a flavorful spice—they contain potent compounds with notable health benefits. Used for centuries in cooking and traditional medicine, they offer uses that extend far beyond seasoning foods like mulled wine or baked goods.

Cloves come from the evergreen tree Syzygium aromaticum, native to Indonesia’s Maluku Islands. Today, they grow in tropical regions worldwide. The crimson flower buds are hand-harvested just before blooming and sun-dried for days, turning into the familiar reddish-brown spice.

The key active ingredient in cloves is eugenol, a compound with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. This gives cloves a range of potential health benefits.

In oral care, eugenol helps fight bacteria that cause cavities, plaque, and gum disease. Diluted clove oil can temporarily relieve toothaches and gum inflammation, though dental issues still require professional attention.

Cloves may also support blood sugar control, improve heart health by relaxing blood vessels, and exhibit early potential anti-cancer effects. Additionally, they can soothe skin irritation, aid respiratory health, and support metabolism, making them helpful for weight management.

However, concentrated clove oil can be toxic in large amounts, especially for children, and may interact with certain medications. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should limit intake to culinary amounts, avoiding oils or supplements.

The safest way to enjoy cloves is through cooking: add whole cloves to rice, stews, or marinades, sprinkle ground cloves in baked goods, coffee, or chai, and use sparingly in spice blends. Used wisely, cloves provide both flavor and natural health benefits.